Rise of Cashew Allergies: A Growing Threat of Anaphylaxis in Children

Recent research indicates that cashew nuts are becoming an increasingly significant allergen responsible for triggering severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, in children. Published online on June 13 in the journal Allergy, the study analyzed data from the European Anaphylaxis Registry spanning from 2007 to April 2024. Researchers led by Veronika Höfer of Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin examined 1,083 confirmed cases of food-induced anaphylaxis, focusing on children and adults.

The findings revealed that among children, cashew, hazelnut, and walnut are the primary triggers, with cashew being particularly noteworthy due to its rising incidence over the years. Small quantities, often less than a teaspoon, were sufficient to provoke reactions. In adults, hazelnuts, walnuts, and almonds remained common elicitors, typically causing reactions to larger amounts. Notably, nearly half of adults and a small percentage of children had potential cofactors that may influence reaction severity. The severity of reactions was consistent across ages, and most patients were unaware of their allergy prior to experiencing a reaction. Importantly, adrenaline was underutilized in treatment, with only 13% of children and 3% of adults receiving it initially, although its administration increased with professional medical intervention.

The study emphasizes that tree nuts, especially cashew, continue to be prominent causes of food allergy reactions in Europe. The increasing prevalence of cashew anaphylaxis underscores the need for greater awareness, early diagnosis, and improved management strategies in pediatric populations. Several authors involved in the study disclosed affiliations with the biopharmaceutical industry.

This research highlights the importance of recognizing cashew as a significant allergen in children and the growing trend of cashew-induced allergic reactions. Continued monitoring and education are crucial to prevent severe outcomes associated with nut allergies.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-cashew-relevant-allergen-triggering-anaphylaxis.html