Link Between Premenstrual Symptoms and Increased Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Recent research from Karolinska Institutet has found that women experiencing premenstrual symptoms face a slightly higher likelihood of developing cardiovascular diseases later in life. The study, published in Nature Cardiovascular Research, analyzed data from over 99,000 women followed for a period of up to 22 years, comparing those with premenstrual symptoms—including PMS and more severe PMSD—to women without these symptoms. The results indicated a roughly 10% increased risk of cardiovascular illnesses among women with premenstrual symptoms. Notably, the risk was significantly elevated for specific conditions such as arrhythmias, which saw a 31% higher incidence, and strokes caused by blood clots, which increased by 27%. These associations persisted even after accounting for common risk factors like smoking, BMI, and mental health issues.

The study emphasized that the increased risk was more pronounced in women diagnosed before age 25 and those with a history of postnatal depression, conditions potentially linked to hormonal fluctuations. Although the precise mechanisms remain unclear, researchers suggest three possible explanations: disruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance), increased systemic inflammation, and metabolic abnormalities. These findings highlight that premenstrual disorders may have long-term health implications beyond daily discomfort.

The hope is that raising awareness will prompt more detailed research and better management of premenstrual conditions, ultimately reducing long-term cardiovascular risks. As Dr. Donghao Lu, an associate professor involved in the study, states, understanding these links could lead to improved preventive strategies, especially in young women showing early symptoms. Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-premenstrual-symptoms-linked-cardiovascular-disease.html