Cannabis Use Disorder Linked to Increased Risk of Benign Salivary Gland Tumors

Recent research indicates that individuals with cannabis use disorder (CUD) face a higher likelihood of developing benign tumors in the salivary glands. This study, published online July 17, 2025, in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, analyzed data from the TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network, encompassing adults aged 18 and older. The researchers compared two groups: one diagnosed with cannabis-related disorders and another without such diagnosis, spanning a period from January 24, 2005, to January 24, 2025.

The findings revealed that the incidence of benign major salivary gland tumors was significantly higher in the CUD group, with 0.08% affected compared to only 0.02% in the non-CUD group. Specifically, benign tumors of the parotid salivary gland were also more common among individuals with CUD, at rates of 0.05% versus 0.01%. After adjusting for various factors through propensity score matching, the study found that the relative risk of developing any benign major salivary gland tumor was over five times greater in those with CUD across all time points examined.

Further analysis showed persistent elevated risks for benign parotid gland tumors, with relative risks exceeding four times in different time frames after initial diagnosis or outpatient visits. The study authors noted that these consistent associations suggest that cannabis consumption might have site-specific effects, contributing to tumor development in salivary tissues.

This research underscores the importance of understanding the broader health implications of cannabis use. While cannabis is often discussed in the context of mental health or recreational wellness, its potential physical health risks, such as tumor formation, warrant closer examination and awareness.

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