High Intake of Oleic Acid from Olive Oil Promotes Fat Cell Growth and Potential Obesity Risk

Recent research published in Cell Reports suggests that consuming excessive amounts of oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid abundant in olive oil, may contribute to the development of obesity by stimulating the growth of fat cells. The study found that high levels of oleic acid lead to increased formation of adipocytes—the cells responsible for storing fat—by activating specific signaling pathways involving the proteins AKT2 and LXR. This process accelerates the proliferation of precursor fat cells, potentially enlarging the body's capacity to store excess nutrients.

The investigation involved feeding mice diets enriched with various fatty acids common in foods like coconut oil, peanut oil, milk, lard, and soybean oil. Among these, only oleic acid significantly promoted the growth of fat cell precursors, akin to expanding an army of fat-storing soldiers. Over time, this increased number of fat cells could lead to excessive fat accumulation and obesity, increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Expert Michael Rudolph, Ph.D., from the University of Oklahoma, emphasized the importance of fatty acid composition in the diet. He noted that while moderate consumption of oleic acid might offer health benefits, prolonged high intake could be detrimental, especially for individuals at risk for heart disease. Rudolph also highlighted that modern diets increasingly contain higher levels of oleic acid, notably when food variety is limited and fast-food options dominate.

While isolating specific fatty acids in human diets is complex due to diverse food consumption, the study underscores the need for balanced fat intake. Rudolph recommends moderation and diversity in dietary fats to mitigate obesity risk, suggesting that excessive oleic acid intake might not be suitable for those with existing cardiovascular concerns.

This research opens new perspectives on dietary fats and obesity, advocating for mindful consumption patterns to prevent adverse health outcomes associated with excessive oleic acid intake.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-06-excessive-oleic-acid-olive-oil.html