Stricter Gun Laws Linked to Fewer In-Home Pediatric Firearm Homicides

Recent research highlights a significant decline in pediatric firearm homicides within homes in states that have implemented more robust gun control laws. Presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics 2025 National Conference & Exhibition at the Colorado Convention Center from September 26-30, the study reveals that states with stronger firearm regulations experience lower rates of in-home firearm-related deaths among children and teenagers.

The study, titled "Killed in Their Own Homes: The Rise of Pediatric Firearm In-Home Homicides and Association with State Firearm Laws," analyzed data from the National Violent Death Reporting System and the U.S. Census Bureau spanning from 2005 to 2021. It focused on 14 states with consistent data coverage over the entire period. During this timeframe, there were 3,289 firearm-related homicides involving children and adolescents, with the majority occurring among teens aged 13–17. The homicide rate fluctuated from 0.18 per 100,000 children in 2010 to 0.48 per 100,000 in 2020.

Findings showed that states with the most stringent gun laws, especially those with extreme risk protection order laws—often called red flag laws—had significantly fewer in-home pediatric firearm homicides. These laws enable family members or law enforcement to petition courts for the temporary removal of firearms when a person is deemed at risk. Among the seven states with the lowest homicide rates, five had such laws, whereas only two of the seven states with the highest rates had implemented them.

Researchers emphasize that federal gun laws alone may not be sufficient to address this issue. They advocate for strengthening state-level legislation to prevent children from being exposed to guns in their homes. Dr. Jordan Rook, the study's lead author, stated, "Given the association between stronger state firearm laws and fewer pediatric in-home homicides, expanding gun laws—including red flag laws—could be a vital step in protecting vulnerable children."

The study underscores the importance of proactive legislative measures in reducing firearm-related tragedies among children and urges continued advocacy for stronger state gun control laws to ensure safer home environments for young people.