Tragic Deaths Spark Discussion on Regulating Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in States

Recent fatalities associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) have led lawmakers in several states to consider implementing stricter safety regulations for clinics offering this treatment. The incidents include a fire at The Oxford Center in Michigan, which resulted in the death of a young boy, Thomas Cooper, and injurious burns to his mother. Following this tragedy, charges were filed against clinic staff for neglecting safety protocols. Additionally, a fatal fire in Arizona and past incidents over the last decade highlight the dangers linked to unregulated or poorly maintained hyperbaric chambers.

HBOT involves placing patients inside pressurized chambers to breathe pure oxygen, boosting oxygen levels in the blood to promote healing. While regulated and FDA-approved for certain conditions such as burns and carbon monoxide poisoning, the surge in popularity of HBOT for off-label uses has raised safety concerns. Many clinics, especially wellness centers without medical oversight, advertise its benefits for various ailments like autism, HIV, and cancer, despite limited scientific evidence supporting such claims.

The current regulatory landscape varies, with some states requiring safety standards for pressure vessels, yet comprehensive oversight and accreditation processes are generally lacking nationwide. Experts warn that numerous nonconforming chambers imported from other countries may pose significant safety risks. Recent FDA recommendations aim to mitigate hazards, but critics argue that these do little to curb the proliferation of unsafe chambers in the market.

Lawmakers such as Michigan state Senator Stephanie Chang and Representative Sharon MacDonell are pushing for legislation to require accreditation, medical supervision, and proper inspections of hyperbaric clinics. They emphasize that proper regulation is essential to safeguard patients while maintaining access for those who legitimately benefit from approved treatments. Veterans groups and other advocates are also advocating for broader coverage of HBOT for conditions like traumatic brain injury and PTSD. The ongoing debate centers on balancing patient safety with access, highlighting the need for clear standards and oversight in the growing hyperbaric therapy industry. Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-deaths-prompt-state-lawmakers-hyperbaric.html