Daily Peanut Intake Shows Promise in Desensitizing Adults to Peanut Allergies in Phase II Clinical Trial

A groundbreaking Phase II clinical trial has demonstrated that daily consumption of peanuts can significantly reduce allergic reactions in adults with severe peanut allergies. Conducted by researchers from King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, the study involved 21 adult participants aged 18 to 40 diagnosed with peanut allergy.

The trial is the first to assess whether adults can be safely desensitized to peanuts through a supervised oral immunotherapy approach. Participants started with very small doses of peanut flour, gradually increasing their intake over several weeks—from as little as 0.8 mg to a targeted dose of 1 gram, roughly the amount found in five peanuts. This escalation was carefully monitored, and those who tolerated higher doses continued daily at home.

Results revealed that 67% of the participants could consume at least 1.4 grams of peanut protein without experiencing adverse reactions. This level of tolerance corresponds to roughly five peanuts, and those who achieved it were able to incorporate peanuts into their daily diet, significantly improving their quality of life.

Professor Stephen Till, the study's chief investigator, emphasized the importance of these findings: "The average tolerated dose of peanuts increased 100-fold over the course of the trial, providing new hope for adults with severe peanut allergies. This could reduce the constant fear and anxiety related to accidental exposure."

The process involved initial supervised doses, followed by at-home daily intake, with periodic clinical checks to advance the dosage. Participants underwent double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges to confirm desensitization. The study also noted that oral immunotherapy not only increased tolerance but also reduced anxiety about accidental ingestion, thereby enhancing psychological well-being.

The researchers highlight the potential of this approach to redefine management strategies for adult peanut allergy sufferers. Future studies will aim to verify long-term tolerance and identify which patient groups benefit most from this treatment.

This innovative trial marks a significant step forward in allergy treatment, offering hope to many adults living with the constant burden of peanut allergy and striving for safer, more fulfilling lives.