Pediatric Influenza-Associated Encephalopathy Highlights of 2024–2025 Season

The 2024–2025 influenza season in the United States saw significant cases of pediatric influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE), including the severe form known as acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE). According to a report published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report by the CDC, 109 children developed IAE during this period. The season was notably severe, with a record number of pediatric influenza-related deaths prompting increased surveillance and reporting.

In total, 192 reports of suspected IAE were submitted to the CDC, with 109 cases confirmed as IAE—comprising 34% with ANE and 66% with other forms of IAE. The median age of affected children was five years, and over half had no pre-existing health conditions. Tragically, among children diagnosed with IAE, 74% required intensive care, and 19% succumbed to the illness. Specifically, 41% of those with ANE died.

Vaccination data revealed that only 16% of eligible children had received the 2024–2025 flu vaccine, highlighting potential gaps in immunization coverage. Experts emphasize the importance of healthcare providers considering IAE in children presenting with febrile illnesses and neurological symptoms, to facilitate early diagnosis and supportive care.

The report underscores the need for increased awareness and vaccination efforts to mitigate severe influenza complications in children. For more detailed information, visit the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-highlights-pediatric-influenza-encephalopathy-season.html