Significant Decline in Gun-Related Deaths in New Zealand Following Legislation Changes

Recent research conducted by the University of Otago highlights a notable reduction in firearm-related fatalities and hospitalizations in New Zealand after the enactment of stricter gun laws. The study analyzed data from 2000 to 2018, revealing that firearm injuries cost the healthcare system approximately $28.2 million over 19 years and led to an estimated $321 million annually in lost years of life.

The investigation considered hospital admissions and fatalities resulting from assaults, accidents, and suicides involving firearms. During this period, more than 1,000 individuals died, with injuries primarily stemming from accidents—more than 80% of hospitalized patients required surgical intervention. Among the fatalities, suicide was the leading cause, accounting for 819 deaths, followed by assault-related deaths (147) and accidental deaths (48). The majority of those who died were men, with the highest mortality rates among European-origin populations, and significant disparities observed among Māori and Pacific communities.

Hospitalization rates were higher in rural areas compared to urban centers. The study also revealed that Māori individuals faced a threefold increased risk of firearm homicides and a two to threefold higher risk of assault-related hospitalizations compared to Europeans. These findings underscore the profound human and economic impact of firearms in New Zealand.

The research emphasizes that firearm regulations, including background checks introduced in 1992 and bans on military-style semi-automatic weapons following the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings, are linked to reductions in firearm-related suicides and homicides. Despite having approximately 1.2 million firearms in 2018, the ongoing political dialogue aims to strengthen existing laws, with recent government efforts focused on revising the Arms Act to enhance firearm safety and regulation.

Dr. Lucy Telfar-Barnard from the University of Otago advocates for improved firearm safety education and the necessity of robust licensing and registration regimes. The study advocates that maintaining and strengthening firearm restrictions are vital steps to reducing the substantial health burdens and financial costs associated with firearm injuries and deaths in New Zealand.