Cognitive Decline and Its Connection to Premature Mortality in Adults with Chronic Illnesses

Recent research conducted by scholars at New Mexico State University highlights a significant link between cognitive impairments and increased risk of early death among Americans suffering from chronic diseases. Two comprehensive studies, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Death Index, reveal that cognitive decline substantially elevates mortality risks, particularly in individuals with conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and diabetes.

The first study focused on adults aged 65 and older, discovering that nearly 40% exhibited lower cognitive function while around 13% had COPD. The findings demonstrated that individuals with COPD were nearly five times more likely to experience premature death. However, this risk more than doubled—elevating to over eight times—when the same individuals also had reduced cognitive abilities. Experts emphasize that addressing cognitive health should be a vital component of managing COPD to improve survival outcomes.

The second study centered on Hispanic adults aged 60 and older, uncovering that over a fifth had diabetes and more than half exhibited low cognitive performance. The results indicated that the combination of diabetes and cognitive impairment more than doubled the risk of early mortality. Interestingly, neither condition alone significantly increased death risk in the study sample, underscoring the dangerous synergy of these health issues.

Professor Jagdish Khubchandani, one of the study authors, notes that the aging population's prevalence of chronic diseases necessitates a focus on cognitive function in healthcare strategies. He advocates for comprehensive cognitive screening in older patients to identify those who need additional support managing their health conditions.

The research underscores the importance of holistic healthcare approaches that integrate cognitive health assessments, especially considering the high burden of chronic illnesses among older adults. Addressing cognitive impairments not only improves quality of life but also plays a critical role in reducing premature mortality risks associated with chronic diseases.

For more details, consult the original studies:

• "Diabetes, Cognitive Function and Mortality Risk Among Older Hispanics" in Brain Sciences
• "Cognitive Functioning Influences Mortality Risk Among Older Adults with COPD" in Healthcare.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-cognitive-impairments-linked-premature-death.html