Innovative Laser Technique Targets Pancreatic Cancer by Focusing on Collagen

Researchers have developed a groundbreaking laser-based method to precisely target pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common and deadly form of pancreatic cancer. This innovative approach leverages the unique molecular makeup of tumors—specifically the abundance of collagen fibers—to selectively ablate cancerous tissue while sparing healthy pancreatic tissue.

The technique employs a mid-infrared laser tuned to a wavelength of 6.1 microns, which corresponds to the absorption peak of collagen fibers prevalent in PDAC. By matching this specific wavelength, the laser effectively destroys tumor tissue rich in collagen without harming the surrounding healthy tissue. This selectivity is achieved through the use of a high-power femtosecond laser developed by the research team.

In studies involving tumors removed from 13 patients, the laser selectively ablated cancerous tissue with two to three times greater efficiency than it affected healthy tissue. Lead researcher Houkun Liang from Sichuan University explained that this method utilizes the tumor's molecular fingerprint, marking a significant advancement toward minimally invasive and precision treatments for pancreatic cancer.

This approach addresses longstanding challenges in tumor ablation therapies, which often risk damaging healthy tissue and cause complications. The laser technique's ability to precisely target collagen-rich tumor regions could revolutionize treatment options, potentially reducing surgical risks and preserving organ function.

The research team collaborated with experts at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, who developed an anti-resonant hollow-core fiber that delivers the laser light effectively into the body. This fiber, with a diameter of less than 400 microns, is designed to navigate the complex pathways inside the human body safely. For clinical application, it features biocompatible components to ensure durability and minimize risks.

Further studies confirmed that the 6.1-micron wavelength interacts safely and predictably with tissue, enabling high selectivity when ablating pancreatic tumors. The team envisions that this technology could be integrated into minimally invasive surgical or endoscopic procedures, opening new avenues for the treatment of pancreatic and other collagen-rich tumors.

While promising, the researchers emphasize the need for additional safety assessments and clinical trials before widespread clinical adoption. Future modifications aim to optimize laser parameters, improve system stability, and incorporate optical coherence tomography for real-time tumor examination and ablation. They also plan to explore applying this technology to other tumor types with specific molecular signatures.

This innovative laser method signifies a substantial step toward more precise, less invasive cancer treatments that prioritize healthy tissue preservation, paving the way for improved patient outcomes in oncology.