Research Finds Fluorine in Medications Does Not Increase Adverse Drug Reactions

Recent analysis indicates that medications containing a type of persistent chemical known as fluorine, part of the broader group called PFAS or 'forever chemicals,' are not associated with an increase in adverse drug reactions (ADRs). A study conducted by researchers from the University of Birmingham examined data from the UK's MHRA Yellow Card system on 13 drugs containing carbon-fluorine bonds, alongside six similar drugs without such bonds, over a five-year period from 2019 to 2024.

The findings revealed that most reported ADRs linked to fluorinated drugs did not stem from typical side effects of PFAS exposure. For example, the widely prescribed proton pump inhibitor, lansoprazole, showed a low ADR rate of 14.1 reactions per million prescriptions. Dr. Alan Jones, a lead researcher from the university’s School of Pharmacy, explained that PFAS are widely present in everyday products like cookware and clothing, and recent classifications have labeled some essential medicines as containing these chemicals.

Importantly, the study found no statistical correlation between the fluorine content in medications and the incidence of adverse reactions. Drugs with higher fluorine levels, such as sitagliptin and flecainide, did not experience the highest ADR rates. The analysis also indicated that the nature of ADRs was more closely related to the pharmacological action of the drugs rather than their fluorine content.

The researchers acknowledged limitations, notably the reliance on self-reported data from the Yellow Card scheme, which may lead to underreporting of adverse effects. Overall, the study provides reassuring evidence that fluorine in medicines does not contribute to increased drug reactions.

This research offers valuable insights for regulators and healthcare providers regarding the safety profile of fluorinated drugs amid evolving classifications of PFAS in consumer products and medicines.