Exoskeleton Technology Empowers Patients Across All Ages and Genders to Reclaim Independence

Exoskeletons are rapidly transforming rehabilitative healthcare by supporting patients of diverse ages and genders in regaining mobility and independence. These advanced devices function as wearable second skeletons, assisting with precise movements of the wrist and fingers, particularly after tendon injuries or strokes. The key to their success lies in customization; support systems tailored to an individual's hand anatomy—achieved through cutting-edge CAD modeling and 3D printing—ensure effective and comfortable assistance.

Fraunhofer IWU leverages innovative materials like shape memory alloys, alongside sophisticated manufacturing processes such as selective laser sintering (SLS), to produce hand exoskeletons that fit perfectly. This customization is crucial because hands exhibit significant variability in size, shape, and strength, even between the left and right hands of the same person. Precise digital scans facilitate the creation of highly personalized devices that maximize therapeutic benefit.

A critical component is the lightweight, compact drive system developed by researchers like Ph.D. candidate Alina Carabello. Using shape memory alloy actuators and a bidirectional stepper motor, the system enables natural, smooth movements such as flexion and extension. This design allows for fine-tuned force application, which is essential for vulnerable populations like children and women, ensuring usability without added burden.

The drive system functions through a combination of gears, levers, pawls, and SMA wires. When heated, these wires contract, moving the gear to produce the desired finger movements. Upon cooling, they elongate, allowing for safe and gentle repeated motions. This technology supports ongoing therapy by providing consistent and personalized assistance without constant supervision.

The development of these personalized exoskeletons addresses the limitations of standardized assistive devices, offering more effective and user-centric solutions. Their application extends beyond recovery from injuries—helping stroke patients and those with congenital paralysis to perform rehabilitative exercises more independently—and alleviates the demand on healthcare resources.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-08-exoskeletons-patients-ages-genders-regain.html