Ethical and Policy Considerations in In Vitro Gametogenesis: A Comprehensive Report

A recent report offers an in-depth review of the ethical, legal, and policy issues associated with in vitro gametogenesis (IVG), an emerging biotechnology that enables lab-based creation of eggs and sperm from stem cells. This pioneering technology holds promise for revolutionizing fertility treatments by providing less invasive methods of egg and sperm production, which could be particularly beneficial for individuals unable to produce reproductive cells naturally.

The report highlights potential advantages, including the ability to generate eggs from skin cells, thereby reducing the need for traditional egg retrieval procedures. IVG could also expand reproductive options for diverse populations such as infertile people, post-menopausal women, and same-sex couples, allowing them to have children with genetic ties to both parents.

However, the development of IVG presents complex ethical and legal challenges. Critics and policymakers are emphasizing the importance of establishing appropriate regulatory frameworks to keep pace with scientific advances. Critical issues identified include obtaining proper consent for stem cell use, addressing rights related to disclosure of genetic origins to children born from IVG, and clarifying legal parenthood when multiple individuals contribute genetically to a child.

Experts like Laura O'Donovan, a law lecturer, have noted that current laws are ill-suited for new biotechnologies like IVG. She advocates for proactive governance to foster responsible research and protect public trust and ethical standards. Sara Fovargue, a law professor, stresses the need for stakeholder engagement—including the public—in developing transparent and supportive regulations, especially given the increasing role of private investments and intellectual property rights in biotech innovation.

As research in IVG progresses rapidly, the report underscores the importance of not allowing regulatory gaps to hinder safe clinical application. It calls for collaborative efforts among scientists, ethicists, policymakers, and the public to thoughtfully address these issues before IVG is introduced into medical practice. Full details and policy recommendations are accessible in the comprehensive report and accompanying policy briefing.

This review, authored by academics from the University of Sheffield and in partnership with the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, aims to guide responsible development and regulation of IVG, ensuring scientific progress aligns with societal values and ethical standards.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-08-vitro-gametogenesis-ethical-policy.html