Innovative Electrochemical Catheter Hub Aims to Reduce Bloodstream Infections

Researchers from Washington State University and Mayo Clinic have developed a groundbreaking electrochemical catheter hub designed to help prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), which are responsible for thousands of deaths worldwide each year. The novel device employs a microelectronic system that generates hypochlorous acid, a powerful disinfectant naturally produced by white blood cells, directly within the catheter hub. This continuous production of disinfectant aims to reduce bacterial colonization and prevent infection during medical procedures involving central venous catheters.

Central venous catheters, essential for administering fluids and medications, contribute to approximately 20% of bloodstream infections in hospitals. Despite strict protocols and antibiotic use, bacteria—particularly antibiotic-resistant strains—can still thrive on these devices. Pathogens can be introduced by healthcare workers when connecting or disconnecting catheters, posing a significant risk, especially for patients requiring long-term catheterization. Bloodstream infections stemming from these bacteria can escalate to sepsis, a life-threatening condition that causes many fatalities annually.

The innovative device harnesses electric current to activate electrodes made of gold or titanium, converting salt water present in the catheter hub into hypochlorous acid. This process creates a steady, low-level disinfectant that kills bacteria on contact. The system is designed using 3D printing technology and incorporates wearable electronics to control the electrochemical reaction, ensuring safety and efficacy without producing toxic levels of disinfectant. "Our goal was to generate a safe, low concentration of hypochlorous acid to eradicate pathogens without harming the patient," explained lead researcher Haluk Beyenal.

Preliminary tests demonstrated that the e-catheter hub effectively killed bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics, a common concern in hospital settings due to the persistence and resilience of such strains. The device maintains a continuous antimicrobial environment, reducing the likelihood of bacterial buildup on catheter surfaces.

The research team is planning to progress to animal testing and evaluate the device’s performance against a broader range of bacterial infections. They are also studying optimal disinfectant concentrations to ensure patient safety while effectively eliminating pathogens.

This innovative approach could significantly impact hospital infection control practices, offering a proactive means to prevent CLABSIs. The ongoing development and testing aim to introduce safer, more effective solutions for infection prevention in clinical environments, potentially saving thousands of lives annually.