Insights from the Gut Microbiome of the Oldest Person on Earth and Its Role in Healthy Aging

When María Branyas Morera passed away in 2024 at the remarkable age of 117, she left behind a valuable biological record—samples of her gut microbiome. This rare data set has provided scientists with new insights into the relationship between gut bacteria and longevity. Her microbiome was notably diverse and rich in beneficial bacteria, especially Bifidobacterium, which is usually found in much younger adults. Such diversity persists in her gut despite her advanced age, suggesting that a healthy microbiome could play a significant role in supporting resilience and lifespan.

Research into her microbiome, published in Cell Reports Medicine, revealed that her gut bacteria resembled those typically seen in much younger individuals, contrary to the common decline in microbial diversity observed with aging. Key beneficial bacteria, like Bifidobacteria, known for supporting immune function, protecting against gastrointestinal disorders, and regulating cholesterol, remained prominent in her gut. Her daily consumption of yogurt and a Mediterranean diet, both of which promote probiotic and prebiotic intake, likely contributed to maintaining this youthful microbiome.

This discovery underscores the importance of diet and lifestyle in shaping our microbiome. Foods rich in probiotics, such as fermented vegetables, kefir, and yogurt, along with prebiotics found in onions, garlic, leeks, and whole grains, promote microbial diversity. Such an approach could be a powerful tool in enhancing health and resilience as we age.

While her case is unique, it reinforces the idea that nurturing a diverse microbiome may support longevity and overall health. Current research continues to explore what constitutes an optimal microbiome and how lifestyle choices can influence microbial health. Although genetics play a critical role, interventions like diet adjustments are accessible steps for everyone aiming to improve their microbiome and potentially extend their healthy years.

In summary, the microbiome of the world's oldest person highlights the potential benefits of maintaining microbial diversity through diet and lifestyle. Supporting gut health is a promising avenue for healthy aging, even if the exact blueprint of a 'perfect' microbiome remains to be discovered.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-gut-microbiome-world-oldest-person.html