Young Adults' Brain Activity Reveals Impact of Screen Content on Focus and Mood

A pioneering study led by researchers from Swinburne University of Technology has uncovered how different forms of screen-based entertainment influence young adults' brain activity and mood. The research specifically highlights that watching TV and playing video games are associated with increased focus and engagement, whereas social media usage tends to reduce focus levels. The investigation employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to monitor brain activity in participants aged 18–25 during various screen activities.

The study found that social media use led to higher levels of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO), indicating increased brain engagement, but also resulted in lowered focus and mood. In contrast, gaming activities caused a rise in deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR), suggesting the brain was actively working harder in a beneficial way, which correlated with improved focus. Interestingly, after just three minutes of phone use, participants experienced shifts in mood, energy, tension, and happiness.

Dr. Alexandra Gaillard, a lead researcher, explained that these findings are significant because they demonstrate the distinct impact different digital activities have on brain function. The study emphasizes that interactive content like gaming can positively stimulate the brain, potentially enhancing cognitive engagement. Conversely, social media may diminish focus and mood, raising concerns given its widespread use.

With the upcoming teen social media ban, the research team stresses the importance of understanding these effects on developing brains. Since the study focused on young adults with fully matured brains, the implications for teenagers and children—who are increasingly engaging with these technologies—are even more critical.

The researchers advocate for further studies to explore the nuanced relationship between screen behaviors and brain health. While excessive screen time can impair cognitive abilities and attention, digital platforms can also foster social connection and learning. The goal is to help young individuals make informed choices about their digital activities based on their personal well-being.