Study Finds Social Media Use Contributes to Increased Depression in Preteens

Recent research indicates that increased social media engagement among preteens may lead to a rise in depressive symptoms, rather than depressive tendencies causing more social media use. A study conducted by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, analyzed data from nearly 12,000 children aged 9 to 10 years, followed over three years. The findings revealed that as these children increased their daily social media use from an average of seven to 73 minutes, their depressive symptoms worsened by approximately 35%. Importantly, the study found no evidence that pre-existing depression prompted greater social media activity, suggesting a potential causal effect of social media on mental health decline.

The research employed within-person longitudinal tracking, providing a clearer understanding of how social media use impacts mental health over time. The lead investigator, Dr. Jason Nagata, emphasized that while the reasons why social media may elevate depression levels are still being explored, known risks include cyberbullying and sleep disruption.

In parallel, another study by the same team highlighted the dangers of cyberbullying, revealing that children aged 11 to 12 who experienced cyberbullying were significantly more likely to report suicidal ideation and engage in risky behaviors such as substance experimentation — including marijuana, nicotine, and alcohol — within a year.

Given these risks, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends employing tools like the Family Media Plan to foster healthier digital habits among children and teenagers. Experts suggest that open conversations and setting designated screen-free times can help mitigate some of the adverse effects of social media while maintaining its social benefits.

Overall, the evidence underscores the importance of monitoring social media usage in young children, as excessive use appears to be linked to increased depression, highlighting the need for balanced and mindful digital engagement.