Addressing Colorado's High Suicide Rates: Insights from an ER Doctor on Prevention Strategies

Colorado ranks among the states with the highest suicide rates in the United States, recording a rate of 20.9 per 100,000 people in 2023. Of the approximately 940 gun-related deaths in Colorado that year, nearly 72% were due to suicide, highlighting a critical public health concern. Nationwide, firearms are the leading cause of death among youth aged 1 to 17, with over a quarter of firearm deaths attributed to suicide. The lethality of firearms in suicide attempts is alarmingly high, with up to 90% resulting in death, making access to firearms a significant factor in preventing these tragedies.

As an emergency room physician practicing in Denver, I frequently encounter patients at risk of suicide. A key part of my approach involves open conversations about firearm safety, such as encouraging families to limit access by securing guns or temporarily storing firearms away from the home during periods of crisis. Research indicates that such dialogues can effectively reduce suicide risk, and many patients are receptive to these discussions.

Public health experts emphasize that firearm suicide prevention should extend beyond clinical settings into community spaces. Trusted community members, including firearm owners, can play a pivotal role in initiating and sustaining conversations about safe firearm storage and risk reduction. This collaborative effort does not aim to confiscate firearms but rather to promote responsible storage and prevent impulsive acts during vulnerable moments.

Understanding the impulsive nature of many suicides underscores the importance of restricting immediate access to lethal means. Since firearms are involved in the majority of firearm-related suicides, safe storage practices—like using locking devices or temporarily relocating guns—are vital preventive measures. Tools like out-of-home storage during high-risk periods and community training workshops are being implemented across Colorado to raise awareness and promote responsible firearm management.

Preventing firearm suicide is a shared responsibility. It involves clinicians, families, community leaders, and policymakers working together to create environments that protect vulnerable individuals. Resources such as the national 988 hotlines provide immediate support for those experiencing mental health crises. Ultimately, fostering open conversations and implementing practical safety strategies can save lives and reduce the devastating impact of suicide in Colorado and beyond.