Study Finds Young Males and Prior Tobacco Users Most Likely to Use Oral Nicotine Pouches

Recent research highlights that young males, especially those with a history of cigarette or e-cigarette use, are the primary consumers of oral nicotine pouches. These innovative products, introduced only a few years ago, are gaining popularity among youth and adults alike. A team from the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) published their findings in JAMA Network Open, emphasizing that usage, although still relatively low overall, appears to be increasing steadily.

Oral nicotine pouches are small, discreet packets containing a synthetic nicotine salt in a crystallized form. Unlike traditional tobacco products like snus, they do not contain actual tobacco leaves but use a nicotine salt similar to that found in nicotine replacement therapies such as gum and lozenges. These pouches are placed between the lip and gum, allowing the nicotine to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream. Major brands include Zyn, Rogue, and Lucy.

The study analyzed survey data from the 2022–2023 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Wave 7, the first to specifically inquire about oral nicotine pouch use. Findings indicated that usage was most prevalent among males approaching early adulthood who had previously used other tobacco products including cigarettes and e-cigarettes. While current use remains low—less than 1% among adolescents and around 3.34% among adults—the upward trend suggests a growing market.

Public health experts see potential benefits in these products, particularly as harm reduction tools for smokers transitioning away from combustible cigarettes. Dr. Amanda Palmer, a lead researcher from MUSC, commented that nicotine pouches might be safer than e-cigarettes and could serve as a less harmful alternative for current smokers. Nonetheless, she emphasized that the long-term effects remain unknown.

Additionally, flavored varieties such as citrus or wintergreen are popular, but concerns exist about their appeal to young people. Nicotine’s addictive nature poses risks of dependence, psychological distress, social and financial issues. Almost all users have reported difficulty quitting once started, and some have sought assistance from tobacco cessation programs.

The study underscores the importance of continued monitoring and research into the health implications and usage patterns of oral nicotine pouches, especially given their novelty and rising popularity. Public health efforts should aim to balance harm reduction for current smokers with prevention among youth and non-smokers.

For more details, the full study is available in JAMA Network Open: [DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.11630].

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-young-males-prior-cigarette-users.html