WHO Approves Historic Global Pandemic Preparedness Agreement

The WHO has adopted a historic Pandemic Agreement to improve global coordination, surveillance, and equitable access to vaccines and treatments, enhancing preparedness for future health crises.

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On May 20, 2025, the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted a groundbreaking Pandemic Agreement aimed at strengthening global responses to future health crises. This landmark accord, finalized after over three years of negotiations sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic, seeks to enhance international coordination, improve disease surveillance, and ensure equitable access to vaccines, diagnostics, and treatments.

The agreement addresses the disorganized and unequal responses witnessed during the COVID-19 crisis, emphasizing the importance of unified efforts in confronting global health threats. The WHO's decision-making assembly at its Geneva headquarters approved the plan, which was nearly a consensus after extensive discussions, despite some opposition.

WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus declared this a "historic day," highlighting the agreement as a victory for public health, science, and multilateral cooperation. He expressed confidence that this treaty will better protect humanity from future pandemics, reducing the suffering and economic impacts experienced during COVID-19.

A critical component of the agreement is the Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing (PABS) mechanism, which aims to facilitate the sharing of dangerous pathogens and benefits derived from them such as vaccines and treatments. Countries have until May 2026 to finalize the details of this mechanism before ratification, which requires sixty nations to formally adopt the treaty.

The negotiations were marked by tensions, especially between wealthy and developing nations. Developing countries felt marginalized during the vaccine distribution phase of COVID-19 and sought fairer access through this new framework. Leading the talks, representatives from South Africa and France reassured that the agreement was designed to uphold national sovereignty while fostering global solidarity.

This agreement signals a new phase in global health governance, emphasizing preparedness, transparency, and fairness. Once ratified, it promises a more cohesive and effective international response to health emergencies, aiming to prevent the chaos and devastation experienced during past pandemics.