Urinary Biomarkers Predict Success of Specialized Knee Surgery

Researchers at the University of Missouri are developing innovative methods to forecast the outcomes of a unique cartilage transplant procedure for the knee, with urine analysis playing a central role. The study led by Dr. Jimi Cook identified that elevated levels of nine specific proteins in urine samples can serve as indicators of the likely success or failure of osteochondral allograft transplantation—a procedure where damaged cartilage is replaced with healthy donor tissue. Unlike artificial joint replacements, this biological approach aims to preserve the natural joint structure.

Published in The Journal of Knee Surgery, the research suggests that measuring protein biomarkers in urine can help determine the most suitable candidates for this surgery, potentially avoiding unsuccessful procedures. Dr. Cook emphasizes that understanding these biomarkers allows for personalized treatment plans, enhancing the precision of medical interventions.

Protein levels in urine are dynamic and can fluctuate with age and other health factors. Therefore, a patient’s biomarker profile at one point might not permanently disqualify or qualify them for surgery, highlighting the importance of individualized assessment.

Dr. Cook, a seasoned orthopedic surgeon with over 25 years at Mizzou, advocates for a holistic, patient-centered approach that combines scientific evidence with personalized care. His goal is to improve surgical success rates and patient outcomes across diverse populations—from professional athletes aiming to return to sport to grandparents seeking pain-free mobility.

This breakthrough underscores the potential of urine-based diagnostics in orthopedics, paving the way for less invasive, more effective treatments tailored to each patient’s biological profile.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-urine-clues-unique-knee-surgery.html