Understanding Shark Bites: Reality vs. Hollywood Myths

As the 50th anniversary of the iconic film "Jaws" approaches, many individuals harbor fears about shark attacks while swimming or surfing in the ocean. However, the truth is that shark bites are extremely rare, and most encounters with sharks are not predatory but accidental. Experts from the American College of Surgeons emphasize that while sharks, particularly great white sharks, are depicted as relentless predators in movies, in reality, their bites rarely result in fatalities. According to the Florida Museum of Natural History, there were only 28 confirmed unprovoked shark attacks worldwide in 2024, with half occurring in Florida, predominantly affecting swimmers and surfers. When a shark bite does happen, prompt medical intervention is crucial. The sharp teeth of sharks can cause large, traumatic wounds that may involve muscles, blood vessels, and bones, sometimes necessitating surgical repair or even amputation. Infection risk is also significant due to bacteria from the ocean and the shark's mouth.

Medical professionals highlight that the severity of a shark bite depends on the location and depth of the injury, especially if vital blood vessels are affected. Most injuries involve soft tissue and, with rapid treatment, can be managed effectively. Researchers at the University of Florida developed the Shark-Induced Trauma Scale (SIT scale) to classify bite severity from 1 to 5, with most bites being minor. This scale reassures that lethal shark attacks are uncommon, and safety measures such as awareness of surroundings and avoiding baited areas can significantly reduce the risk.

In cases of injuries, having access to a skilled trauma team and immediate first aid can save lives. Experts recommend that bystanders learn bleeding control techniques—applying pressure, packing wounds, or using tourniquets—to mitigate blood loss until professional help arrives. Besides sharks, many injuries occur from ocean debris or marine life such as shells, rocks, or coral, which are more common causes of bleeding on beaches. Therefore, preparedness and knowledge of emergency response can make all the difference in outcomes.

Overall, understanding the facts about shark behavior and injury management helps demystify these animals and fosters harmony between humans and sharks. While caution is advised in certain situations, the likelihood of a dangerous shark encounter remains minimal, and informed safety practices are key to enjoying ocean activities responsibly.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-jaws-surgeons-reality-shark.html