Understanding Mohs Micrographic Surgery: FAQs and Insights

What is Mohs Micrographic Surgery?

Named after Dr. Frederic Mohs, this specialized surgical technique was developed in the 1930s to treat skin cancer with precision. It involves removing cancerous tissue layer by layer, examining each under a microscope in real-time to ensure complete removal before concluding the procedure. This meticulous process helps in preserving healthy skin, making it especially advantageous for cancers on the face, ears, and other sensitive areas.

During the procedure, the surgeon extracts a small tissue sample, examines it microscopically, and if residual cancer cells are detected, repeat removal is performed. This cycle continues until no cancerous cells remain. Compared to traditional excisions, Mohs surgery allows for maximum conservation of healthy tissue and reduces the likelihood of recurrence.

Benefits of Mohs Micrographic Surgery

Mohs offers high success rates, with cure rates of approximately 97-99% for appropriate cancers, outperforming other surgical options. It ensures complete cancer removal in a single outpatient session, minimizing the need for additional procedures. Patients benefit from the swift healing process, often resuming normal activities within two weeks, and the procedure's precision results in minimal scarring.

Suitable Cancers for Mohs

It is primarily used to treat basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, especially on the head, neck, hands, feet, and genital areas. Its precision also makes it suitable for managing rare tumors like dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, mucinous carcinoma, and atypical fibroxanthoma.

Procedure Duration and Process

Typically lasting around three hours, the procedure begins with cancer excision, which takes about 5 to 10 minutes. The tissue is then prepared and analyzed under a microscope, a process that can take 45 to 60 minutes. If cancer remains, additional tissue is removed, and the process repeats. The final step involves stitching the wound, usually completed within 30 to 60 minutes.

Effectiveness and Recovery

Mohs surgery boasts a high cure rate, with minimal recurrence when detected and treated early. Post-surgical discomfort is generally mild and temporary, managed effectively with over-the-counter pain medications. Common side effects include swelling, redness, numbness, and scarring, which vary depending on the individual.

Who is at Risk?

While anyone can develop skin cancer, individuals with fair skin, a history of sunburns, tanning bed use, or previous skin cancers are at elevated risk. Regular skin checks and dermatological examinations are vital for early detection.

Prevention After Surgery

Preventative measures include minimizing sun exposure during peak hours, wearing protective clothing, applying broad-spectrum sunscreen, and scheduling regular skin exams. These steps can significantly reduce the risk of developing new skin cancers.

For more detailed information, visit Rush University Medical Center’s page on Mohs surgery. Regular consultations with a dermatologist are essential for personalized skin health management.