Understanding the Increased Heart Risks DuringHeatwaves: Essential Precautions

As summer begins and the mercury rises, many regions across the United States are experiencing record-breaking high temperatures, with forecasts indicating potential heat waves in the Northeast and Midwest. These extreme conditions pose significant health risks, particularly concerning cardiovascular health. The American Heart Association emphasizes the importance of taking proactive measures to stay safe in such hot weather.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that over 1,200 deaths annually are directly linked to extreme heat exposure, with a rising trend in heat-related cardiovascular fatalities. A recent study published in the journal Circulation forecasts that deaths from heart disease related to extreme heat could more than double in the next twenty years.

High temperatures and dehydration increase the workload of the heart, which can be especially dangerous for older adults and individuals with pre-existing heart conditions. Certain medications, such as beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics, may intensify the body's response to heat, leading to greater risks.

The American Heart Association advises individuals on these medications to exercise caution during heat waves but emphasizes continuing prescribed treatments unless directed otherwise by healthcare professionals.

To reduce heat-related health risks, consider the following precautions:

• Timing: Limit outdoor activities during peak sunlight hours, typically between noon and 3 p.m., when the sun is strongest.
• Clothing: Wear lightweight, light-colored, breathable fabrics like cotton to stay cool.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of water throughout the day, especially before, during, and after outdoor activities, avoiding caffeine and alcohol.
• Rest: Take frequent breaks in shaded or cool environments to prevent overheating.

Recognizing the symptoms of heat-related illnesses is crucial. Heat exhaustion symptoms include headaches, cool and moist skin, dizziness, weakness, muscle cramps, nausea, and fainting. Immediate steps involve moving to a cooler place, hydrating, and cooling the body down. If symptoms worsen or if heat stroke occurs—which presents with high body temperature (above 103°F), red and dry or damp skin, rapid heartbeat, confusion, and loss of consciousness—urgent medical attention by calling 911 is essential.

To stay active safely during hot weather, opt for early morning or late evening hours, or engage in indoor activities at gyms, malls, or recreation centers. Proper precautions can help you enjoy the summer while safeguarding your cardiovascular health.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-06-heart.html