Experts Call for Systemic Changes to Maximize Benefits of Recent Alzheimer's Treatments

The recent approval of groundbreaking antibody therapies such as lecanemab and donanemab, along with innovative blood-based diagnostic tests, signals a transformative era in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and treatment. However, experts warn that to fully harness these scientific advancements, substantial reforms are necessary across healthcare systems, public policy, and societal attitudes. In a detailed series published in The Lancet, 40 leading specialists emphasize that without rapid, coordinated action, the potential of these treatments remains underutilized.

Alzheimer’s disease, responsible for approximately 70% of dementia cases and a major contributor to societal and economic burdens, is now at a pivotal juncture. The new monoclonal antibody treatments are compared to the efficacy of therapies for diseases like cancer and multiple sclerosis in slowing disease progression. Nonetheless, differences in patient age, treatment outcomes, and side effects call for cautious interpretation.

Despite these promising therapeutic options, challenges such as high medication costs, complex testing procedures, suboptimal management of behavioral symptoms, and underfunded care infrastructure threaten to leave many patients behind. Meanwhile, advancements in preventive strategies offer hope; emerging Brain Health Services aim to identify high-risk individuals early and provide personalized interventions.

Yet, since most Alzheimer's cases occur in individuals with low or average risk, population-wide preventative measures—such as healthier urban planning, reducing alcohol intake, and limiting sugary diets—are crucial. The report advocates for global cooperation to ensure scientific progress translates into meaningful societal change. Professor Giovanni Frisoni from the University of Geneva highlights the importance of integrating new blood tests, biological drugs, and prevention programs into standard care, emphasizing that the ongoing needs of patients must not be neglected.

He further stresses that general practitioners and dementia specialists will need to enhance their skills in behavioral care, diagnostic imaging, and psychosocial support to truly benefit from technological advances. Systematic, societal efforts are essential for delivering equitable, effective Alzheimer’s care.

For more detailed insights, see the full series in The Lancet: [DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01294-2].