Study Urges Greater Focus on Preventing Dry Eye Disease in Young Adults

Recent research conducted by Aston University, in collaboration with Oslo University Hospital and Sørlandet Hospital Trust in Norway, highlights a concerning rise in dry eye disease among young adults. The study, led by Dr. Rachel Casemore from Aston University's School of Optometry, underscores the need for increased awareness and preventative advice targeted at this age group.

Dry eye disease is a condition characterized by insufficient or poor-quality tears, leading to instability of the tear film and rapid evaporation. Common symptoms include gritty or stinging sensations, redness, light sensitivity, and blurred vision. Several risk factors contribute to the development of dry eye, such as stress, contact lens wear, and notably, high screen time, which is particularly relevant for individuals aged 18 to 25.

The groundbreaking study followed 50 young adults over a year, examining their symptoms, lifestyle factors, and eye health. Findings revealed that 56% of participants already exhibited signs of dry eye disease, with 90% experiencing at least one symptom. Additionally, half of the participants showed significant loss of meibomian glands — essential for producing the lipid layer of tears that prevents evaporation. Alarmingly, the study observed a progression in dry eye symptoms over the year.

A significant association was identified between screen use and dry eye, with participants averaging about eight hours of daily exposure. This emphasizes the impact of prolonged screen time, especially amid increased digital device usage.

Dr. Casemore emphasizes the importance of early detection and proactive management to slow disease progression. Practical measures include taking regular breaks from screens, performing blink exercises, maintaining good hydration, and adhering to a balanced diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Adequate sleep and proper contact lens hygiene are also crucial.

The study signals a growing 'lifestyle epidemic' of dry eye symptoms among young adults, urging eye care professionals to guide patients on modifiable risk factors. Future research aims to explore tear and gland biomarkers further and assess how diet influences dry eye development.

Ultimately, raising awareness and encouraging healthier habits could help curb the rising tide of dry eye disease in younger populations.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-04-advice-young-adults-dry-eye.html