Study Finds Unexpected Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Elite Olympian Rowers

A recent groundbreaking study involving 121 retired elite rowers from Australia has uncovered a surprising link between high-level endurance sports and the risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AFib), a common heart rhythm disorder. Despite being generally healthy and having lower incidences of traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, nearly 20% of these athletes were found to have AFib. This condition can increase the risk of stroke and heart failure if left untreated.

The study, published in the European Heart Journal, also revealed that the likelihood of AFib is not only influenced by the cumulative effects of many years of intense physical activity but also by individual genetic factors. Researchers observed that retired athletes were almost seven times more susceptible to AFib compared to the general population, emphasizing that even the fittest individuals are not immune.

Professor André La Gerche, leading the Heart, Exercise and Research Trials Laboratory, explained that these findings highlight a paradox: some of the healthiest individuals—those who engage in rigorous endurance training—are more prone to certain heart rhythm conditions. The research underscores that AFib can develop silently, often without noticeable symptoms, making early detection vital.

Participants underwent advanced diagnostic tests, including MRI scans, electrocardiograms, and genetic testing. The study also indicated that heart adaptations seen in athletes—such as enlarged heart chambers and lower resting heart rates—may contribute to AFib risk over time. Notably, genetic analyses suggested that predisposition plays a significant role in who develops AFib.

Experts emphasize the importance of ongoing heart monitoring for athletes even after retirement, as the risk persists beyond active sports years. The findings call for further research into the genetic and environmental triggers of AFib, as well as whether treatment protocols should be tailored for athletes.

Professor Diane Fatkin pointed out that understanding these risks can help in establishing targeted screening and preventive strategies. Overall, the study advocates for a balanced approach to endurance sports, promoting safety while encouraging physical activity, as athletes tend to enjoy longer, healthier lives.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-06-olympians-hearts-focus-reveals-elite.html