Potential Risks of Prescription Drugs on Elite Cyclists Under Investigation

Researchers from the University of Kent are conducting a significant study to explore the potentially harmful and performance-enhancing effects of two prescription opioids, tapentadol and dihydrocodeine, on elite cyclists. Led by Professor Lex Mauger, the study is commissioned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and aims to determine whether these drugs should be banned in competitive sports.

The research involves a randomized controlled trial that will continue until March 2026, with findings to be reported to WADA for consideration. Both tapentadol and dihydrocodeine are synthetic opioids prescribed for treating moderate to severe pain, but they come with warnings about their dangers, including illegal operation of vehicles and machinery post-consumption, due to their addictive potential and effects on motor control.

Given their influence on pain relief and motor skills, there are concerns about their misuse among athletes. The team's previous work with tramadol, another opioid, contributed to its inclusion on WADA’s 2024 Prohibited List, signaling the importance of understanding these substances' impact on sports performance.

Professor Mauger explained that the study will assess whether these drugs impair balance and control, increasing crash risks, or enhance athletic performance similarly to tramadol. The outcome of this research could influence doping policies and athlete safety protocols, especially considering previous evidence of tramadol's widespread use in cycling. The study's insights aim to clarify whether tapentadol and dihydrocodeine should be restricted to protect athlete health and ensure fair competition.