Rising Cases of Flea-Borne Typhus in Southern California: How to Protect Your Pets and Yourself

Flea-borne typhus has seen a significant increase in Southern California, prompting health officials to advise residents and pet owners to take preventative measures. This disease is caused by the bacteria Rickettsia typhi, which typically spreads through flea bites that have fed on infected animals like rats, opossums, and stray cats. When fleas bite these animals, they can carry the bacteria, and humans can become infected if flea feces are rubbed into cuts, scrapes, or into the eyes.

In the United States, most cases of flea-borne typhus are reported in California, Texas, and Hawaii, with California seeing an annual average of around 300 cases. The infections are present throughout the year in Los Angeles and Orange counties, with a notable spike during late summer and fall. Recent data from Los Angeles County shows 79 confirmed, probable, or suspected cases so far this year, excluding Long Beach and Pasadena. Last year, the county reported 187 cases, and estimates suggest there could be around 124 cases this year.

The city of Long Beach has reported an increase, with 20 cases citywide as of July 31, surpassing the 12 cases reported during the same period in 2024. If this trend persists, Long Beach could surpass its 2021 record of 28 cases. Most affected individuals in Long Beach have required hospitalization, though all have recovered.

Those most at risk include people who contact or handle infected animals, particularly outdoors in areas with rodent activity or infested environments. Public health experts recommend preventive steps such as keeping pets indoors, using flea control products regularly, and avoiding interaction with stray animals that may carry infected fleas. Proper waste management, sealing entry points in homes, and clearing overgrown vegetation can help reduce flea habitats.

Flea-borne typhus symptoms include fever, headache, chills, muscle aches, and a rash on the chest, sides, and back. In rare cases, more severe complications like meningitis or endocarditis may occur. While fatalities are uncommon, they have happened, especially among those with underlying health conditions. The infection is treatable with antibiotics, so timely medical attention is crucial if symptoms appear.

Staying vigilant and implementing simple precautions can greatly reduce the risk of contracting or spreading flea-borne typhus in affected areas. For more information, visit source.