Revolutionary DNA Origami Technique Enhances Imaging Precision for Pancreatic Cancer Detection

Researchers have developed an innovative approach using DNA origami structures to improve the accuracy of imaging in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Pancreatic cancer is notoriously difficult to detect early due to its dense tissue structure, which hampers effective imaging and tumor margin identification. By leveraging the unique properties of DNA, which can be folded into nanoscale scaffolds, scientists have engineered DNA origami particles capable of delivering fluorescent dyes specifically to cancer cells. This precision targeting enables more detailed visualization of tumor boundaries, potentially leading to better surgical outcomes.

The study, led by Professor Bumsoo Han from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and Professor Jong Hyun Choi from Purdue University, focused on targeting human KRAS mutant cancer cells, present in approximately 95% of pancreatic cases. Their DNA origami structures were designed to carry imaging agents and selectively accumulate in cancerous tissue while sparing healthy cells. The researchers discovered that the size and shape of these structures significantly influenced their uptake by tumor cells. Particularly, tube-shaped DNA origami measuring around 70 nanometers in length and 30 nanometers in diameter showed the highest specificity for pancreatic cancer tissues.

To validate their approach, the team used 3D tumor models and microfluidic systems mimicking the tumor microenvironment, reducing the use of animal models and expediting potential clinical applications. They observed with fluorescence imaging that certain DNA origami sizes were more effectively absorbed by cancer cells. These promising findings suggest that such structures could also be used to deliver chemotherapy drugs selectively, opening avenues for advanced targeted therapy.

The research highlights the potential for DNA origami to revolutionize pancreatic cancer diagnostics and treatment. The ability to accurately image tumor margins and target cancer cells with precision could significantly improve surgical and therapeutic strategies, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes. The study was published in the journal
Advanced Science, and the team aims to further explore drug-loaded DNA origami structures for treatment, moving closer to clinical application.