Public Awareness of Smoking and Alcohol Risks During Pregnancy Remains High Amid Knowledge Gaps

A recent survey conducted by the Annenberg Public Policy Center reveals that while most Americans are aware of the dangers associated with smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, significant gaps exist in their understanding of other critical aspects of maternal and infant health. The survey, which polled over 1,600 U.S. adults in April 2025, highlights that many individuals recognize the increased risks of birth defects, early delivery, and low birth weight linked to smoking during pregnancy. Similarly, there is a prevalent understanding that abstaining from alcohol during pregnancy is essential to prevent risks such as birth defects and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

However, the survey uncovers considerable uncertainties regarding the safety and recommendation of vaccinations for pregnant women and what constitutes appropriate pregnancy weight gain. For instance, only about a third of respondents are aware that the CDC recommends certain vaccines like Tdap, flu, and RSV during pregnancy, while many remain unsure or hold misconceptions about these vaccines. Knowledge about the measles (MMR) vaccine is particularly low, with only 11% correctly knowing it is not advised during pregnancy.

Furthermore, understanding of other factors influencing healthy pregnancy outcomes is incomplete. Less than half of participants know that iron supplements are only necessary for those with anemia, and many are unaware of the recommended weight gain during pregnancy, which is between 25 and 35 pounds for normal-weight individuals.

The survey also emphasizes ongoing public awareness efforts about the risks of smoking and drinking alcohol during pregnancy. For example, most respondents correctly identified that smoking increases the risk of birth defects (82%) and early birth (77%), and that alcohol should be avoided to prevent fetal health issues. Yet, awareness about alcohol consumption's impact on conception is less robust, with a notable proportion incorrectly believing that drinking alcohol can be permissible once pregnancy is confirmed.

Overall, the findings underscore the importance of targeted educational initiatives to bridge knowledge gaps about comprehensive maternal health practices, including vaccination safety, appropriate weight gain, and the risks associated with substance use during pregnancy.

source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-knowledge-high-alcohol-pregnancy.html