Plant-Based Nutrient Enhances Immune Cells for Better Cancer Fight

Recent research from the University of Chicago has revealed that zeaxanthin, a plant-derived carotenoid best known for its benefits to eye health, may also play a significant role in boosting the immune system's ability to combat cancer. Published in Cell Reports Medicine, the study demonstrates that this nutrient enhances the anti-tumor activity of immune cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, which are crucial for identifying and destroying cancerous cells.

The research team, led by Dr. Jing Chen, discovered that zeaxanthin stabilizes and promotes the formation of the T-cell receptor complex on CD8+ T cells. This stabilization facilitates stronger intracellular signaling, leading to increased activation of T cells, higher cytokine production, and a greater capacity to kill tumor cells. Interestingly, the study found that zeaxanthin not only enhances natural immune responses but also improves the effectiveness of engineered T cells used in immunotherapy.

In animal models, dietary supplementation with zeaxanthin slowed tumor growth substantially. When combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors—an innovative form of immunotherapy—the supplement amplified anti-cancer effects more than immunotherapy alone. Laboratory experiments with human T cells further confirmed that zeaxanthin boosts the ability of therapeutic T cells to target and kill melanoma, multiple myeloma, and glioblastoma cells.

Zeaxanthin is available over-the-counter as a supplement for eye health and is naturally present in vegetables like spinach, kale, and orange peppers. Its excellent safety profile and accessibility make it a promising candidate for adjunct use in cancer therapy. Additionally, previous research by Dr. Chen’s team has shown that nutrients such as trans-vaccenic acid, derived from dairy and meat, can also support immune function, indicating that a balanced diet incorporating plant and animal sources may benefit immune health.

While these findings are promising, most of the evidence is from laboratory and animal studies. Clinical trials are necessary to determine whether zeaxanthin supplements will improve outcomes for cancer patients. This research opens new avenues in nutritional immunology, exploring how specific dietary components can modulate the immune response at a molecular level, potentially leading to more effective and accessible cancer treatments.

For more information, see the original study by Freya Q. Zhang et al., 'Zeaxanthin augments CD8+ effector T cell function and immunotherapy efficacy,' published in Cell Reports Medicine.