Different Microglia Subtypes Linked to Autism-Like and Depression-Like Behaviors in Mice
New insights into brain immune cells reveal two distinct microglia populations that influence autism-like and depression-like behaviors in mice, opening doors for targeted neuropsychiatric therapies.
Recent research has uncovered that two distinct populations of microglia, the brain’s immune cells, are associated with behaviors resembling autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and depression in mice. The study, conducted by scientists at Tsinghua University and published in Molecular Psychiatry, provides insight into how specific microglia subtypes in the anterior insular cortex (aIC)—a brain region involved in emotion regulation, sensory integration, and decision-making—may influence neuropsychiatric conditions.
Microglia are vital for maintaining brain health by clearing damaged cells and pathogens, but their role in psychiatric disorders is complex and not fully understood. The researchers investigated two mouse models: one genetically engineered to lack the Cntnap2 gene, which has links to autism in humans, and another subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), modeling depression. Their findings revealed that Cx3cr1+ microglia in the aIC exhibited structural and functional deficits in the autism model, contributing to social and repetitive behavioral impairments. Conversely, Tmem119+ microglia showed abnormalities in the depression model, affecting behaviors like sucrose preference and activity in forced swim tests.
Further analysis demonstrated that these microglia subtypes had distinct transcriptional profiles, morphological features, and impacts on synaptic functioning. The team identified two secretory factors, Fbl and Hp1bp3, crucial for the dysfunctions of Cx3cr1+ and Tmem119+ microglia, respectively. Manipulating these factors in the mouse models helped confirm their roles in behavioral abnormalities.
The study highlights the idea that different microglia populations contribute to diverse neuropsychiatric symptoms, opens pathways for targeted treatments, and suggests that similar mechanisms might be relevant in humans. Future research could explore whether specific microglia subtypes are involved in other mental health disorders, offering potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Stay Updated with Mia's Feed
Get the latest health & wellness insights delivered straight to your inbox.
Related Articles
Increased Risk of Rare Lymphoma in Breast Cancer Patients with BRCA Mutations and Textured Implants
Women with breast cancer carrying BRCA mutations who receive textured breast implants face a significantly higher risk of developing rare lymphoma, according to new research. The study underscores the importance of genetic testing and personalized healthcare in breast reconstruction decisions.
Evaluating the Real-World Impact of Bevacizumab in Ovarian Cancer Treatment
A new study examines the real-world effectiveness of bevacizumab added to chemotherapy for ovarian cancer, highlighting benefits in high-risk patient groups and informing personalized treatment strategies.
Understanding the Connection Between ADHD and Bladder Control Issues
Exploring the link between ADHD and bladder control problems reveals how brain function and behavioral factors contribute to toileting challenges in children, emphasizing the importance of tailored strategies for management.
Potential Benefits of GLP-1 Drugs for Asthma Control in Obese Patients
New research suggests GLP-1 medications, used for diabetes and weight loss, may also improve asthma control in obese individuals. Learn about the promising findings and potential implications for respiratory health.