Innovative Light and AI-Based Biosensor Promises Early Cancer Detection

Researchers from the Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), led by Dr. Ho Sang Jung, have developed a groundbreaking biosensor that leverages light signals and artificial intelligence to detect trace amounts of cancer cell DNA in the bloodstream for early diagnosis. Published in the journal Advanced Science, this novel technology marks a significant advancement over traditional liquid biopsy techniques by offering unprecedented sensitivity and specificity.

The biosensor detects subtle chemical modifications on DNA molecules, specifically DNA methylation, which occur as cancer develops. During initial stages, methylated DNA concentrations are extremely low, making detection challenging with conventional methods. To overcome this, the team integrated plasmonic materials that amplify optical signals by over 100 million times, coupled with AI analysis, enabling the detection of methylated DNA at concentrations as low as 25 femtograms per milliliter—a 1,000-fold improvement in sensitivity.

The device requires only a small blood sample of 100 microliters, with results available within 20 minutes, making it a rapid and minimally invasive diagnostic option. Validated with samples from 60 colorectal cancer patients, the biosensor achieved 99% accuracy in detecting cancer and successfully distinguished between stages I to IV.

This technology not only enhances early cancer detection but also reduces analysis time and costs, paving the way for its use in hospitals, health screening centers, at-home testing kits, and portable diagnostic devices. Dr. Jung envisions broader applications for the platform, including autoimmune and neurological diseases, positioning it as a versatile tool for personalized medicine.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-biosensor-based-ai-early-diagnosis.html