Kentucky Reports First Measles Outbreak of 2025 as US Approaches 30-Year High in Cases

Kentucky has identified its first measles outbreak of 2025, as the United States edges closer to reaching the highest number of measles cases recorded in over three decades. The outbreak is concentrated in Fayette and Woodford counties in central Kentucky. This development adds to the ongoing national situation, where a total of 1,267 confirmed measles cases have been reported this year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Across North America, several large outbreaks are contributing to the rising case numbers. Ontario, Canada, has reported over 2,212 cases from October last year through June 24, including the first death—a baby with congenital measles compounded by preexisting conditions. Alberta, Canada, has seen 1,169 cases, while the Mexican state of Chihuahua reports 2,810 cases and eight fatalities.

In the US, the outbreak is most prominent in Texas, with 753 cases in 36 counties, primarily in West Texas. The virus mainly spread within an unvaccinated Mennonite community in Gaines County, where nearly 2% of residents have contracted the disease. Overall, 99 individuals have been hospitalized in Texas, with two unvaccinated children and an adult succumbing to the illness.

Other states experiencing active outbreaks include Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Montana, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Utah, and more. Notably, measles is highly contagious and spreads through the air via coughs, sneezes, or breathing. Although eliminated in the US since 2000, recent declines in vaccination rates and increased travel have facilitated outbreaks.

Preventative measures remain critical. Vaccination with the MMR vaccine is highly effective; two doses typically provide lifelong immunity. The CDC recommends that children receive their first dose at 12-15 months and a second dose at 4-6 years. Adults who were vaccinated or have had measles are generally considered immune.

Symptoms of measles include high fever, cough, runny nose, red watery eyes, and a distinctive rash that appears three to five days after initial symptoms. Severe complications can include pneumonia, brain swelling, blindness, and death, especially in unvaccinated individuals.

The ongoing rise in cases serves as a reminder of the importance of vaccination and herd immunity to prevent outbreaks. Efforts continue in various regions to boost vaccination coverage and contain the spread of this highly contagious disease.