Intermittent Fasting: Evaluating Its Health Benefits and Risks

Intermittent fasting has been a popular health trend for over 1,500 years, often associated with weight loss efforts. While some individuals experience weight reduction through this practice, its effects on vital organs such as the heart remain uncertain. Recent studies suggest that intermittent fasting might carry health risks rather than benefits.

Research indicates that individuals practicing intermittent fasting may be twice as likely to die from heart disease or overall mortality compared to those who do not follow such routines. One of the main issues with intermittent fasting is the lack of standardization; various methods are employed, leading to inconsistent effects. In the UK, for example, a common protocol involves eating normally for five days and restricting intake to fluids and soups for two days. Others restrict their eating window to specific hours, such as 10 a.m. to 3 p.m., or simply skip breakfast.

The debate over the importance of breakfast persists. Some studies associate skipping breakfast with increased risks of heart disease and other health issues. Notably, early morning hours are when the risk of heart attacks peaks, which could be exacerbated by fasting during this time due to elevated adrenaline and stress hormones.

While weight loss through intermittent fasting can improve overall health, it does not mean that the practice should be sustained indefinitely. Skipping meals, particularly breakfast, can elevate stress hormones, blood pressure, and adrenaline, potentially causing harm.

When patients inquire about the safety of intermittent fasting, the recommendation is nuanced. A moderate approach—such as avoiding late dinners, having light lunches, or reducing meal sizes—may be beneficial. Multiple small meals throughout the day tend to improve cholesterol levels and metabolic health, contrasting with prolonged fasting periods.

Recent evidence suggests that intermittent fasting may be especially unsafe for individuals with heart disease or a history of cardiac issues. Therefore, personalized and carefully moderated eating patterns are advisable rather than extreme fasting routines.

In summary, the health impact of intermittent fasting varies among individuals, and caution is advised, particularly for those with underlying health conditions. Consulting healthcare professionals before initiating any fasting regimen is essential for safety and effectiveness.

source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-04-intermittent-fasting-health-doctor.html