Innovative Wearable Device Enables Real-Time Tracking of Bloodstream Cells

Researchers at MIT have introduced a groundbreaking wearable monitoring device capable of detecting individual cells circulating within blood vessels. This compact device, which can be worn like a wristwatch, aims to provide continuous, real-time assessment of blood cells, a feat previously considered challenging. The device, named CircTrek, leverages advanced optical and miniaturized electronics technology to enhance diagnostic and treatment processes.

Developed by MIT's Nano-Cybernetic Biotrek research group led by Deblina Sarkar, CircTrek can significantly improve early disease detection, monitor relapse, evaluate infection risks, and assess treatment efficacy. Unlike traditional blood tests that offer only snapshot views of health, CircTrek provides ongoing insights, addressing a longstanding unmet goal in medical monitoring.

The device works by directing focused laser beams to stimulate fluorescently labeled cells beneath the skin, enabling their detection. Labeling can be achieved through antibody-based dyes, genetic modification with fluorescent proteins, or approved in vivo labeling methods. This allows for the assessment of specific immune cells, such as CAR T cells used in cancer therapies.

Equipped with onboard Wi-Fi, CircTrek has the potential to monitor patients remotely, transmitting crucial cellular data to healthcare providers. Its ability to detect single cells and analyze their signals means it could verify the success of cell therapies or monitor disease progression in real time.

Miniaturized components, including a tiny laser source and sensitive photon-detector, are designed into a circuit board roughly the size of a smartwatch. This makes it comfortable for wear and suitable for continuous use. Tests using simulated blood flow under skin demonstrated the device's ability to identify fluorescent cells accurately. Safety assessments confirmed that laser exposure increases tissue temperature by only 1.51°C, well below damaging thresholds.

Future applications could see CircTrek tailored for various clinical needs by modifying its parameters. Although it is still in experimental stages, this innovative device paves the way for more accessible, precise, and continuous cellular health monitoring in the future.