Innovative mRNA Vaccine Mimics Viruses to Boost Immunity

Recent advancements in vaccine technology have introduced a promising approach that enhances immune responses by disguising mRNA vaccines as viruses. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen, collaborating with biotech company AdaptVac, have demonstrated that by engineering mRNA vaccines to produce virus-like particles (VLPs), they can significantly improve the strength and longevity of immunity in animal models. In their study, they added an additional genetic sequence to the traditional mRNA vaccine, prompting the body's cells to generate particles that resemble natural viruses on their surface. These particles present the antigen while mimicking the structure of actual viruses, effectively training the immune system to recognize and respond more robustly.

This technique, often referred to as using virus-like particles, tricks the immune system into perceiving a real threat, which in turn leads to enhanced T-cell responses and longer-lasting immunity. Lead researcher Cyrielle Fougeroux explained that this method could reduce the required vaccine doses and extend the duration of immunity, potentially transforming how future vaccines are developed.

While current mRNA vaccines, such as those used during the COVID-19 pandemic, have proven highly effective, their effects tend to diminish over months, necessitating booster doses. The incorporation of VLPs within mRNA vaccines may overcome this limitation by inducing more durable immunity.

The team successfully tested this approach in mice, observing significantly increased antigen-specific immune responses. The findings hold promise not only for COVID-19 but also for other infectious diseases, including malaria and emerging virus threats like Nipah. The next step involves clinical trials to determine whether these benefits can be replicated in humans.

This innovative strategy could lead to lower vaccine doses, reduced vaccine frequency, and improved preparedness for future pandemics. As the research progresses, it may revolutionize vaccine development and public health responses worldwide.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-06-mrna-vaccine-masquerades-virus-body.html