Innovative Approach to Fabricate Custom 3D Neural Chips Using 3D Printing and Capillary Action

Researchers at KAIST have pioneered a new method to develop highly customizable three-dimensional (3D) neural chips, overcoming limitations of traditional semiconductor manufacturing techniques. Neural tissues grown in labs serve as vital models for understanding brain function, but existing fabrication devices lack flexibility in shaping and creating complex 3D structures. The KAIST team introduced a technique using 3D printing to construct hollow scaffolds with micro-tunnels that act as insulators and support structures. By leveraging capillary action, these tunnels are filled with conductive ink to form electrodes and wiring, enabling the precise assembly of 3D microelectrode arrays.

This innovative process significantly enhances design freedom, allowing for the creation of various chip configurations such as probe, cube, and modular types, with the ability to integrate different conductive materials like graphite, polymers, and silver nanoparticles. Such versatility facilitates accurate measurement and stimulation of neural signals within complex 3D neuronal networks, advancing brain research and neural engineering.

Professor Yoonkey Nam emphasized that combining 3D printing with capillary action marks a major breakthrough, opening new avenues for brain science investigations, cell-based biosensors, and biocomputing. The technique also promotes more sophisticated in vitro neural models, supporting exploration of neural connectivity and interaction in three dimensions.

This development highlights a significant step toward customizable and cost-effective neural interface fabrication, with the potential to accelerate research in neural circuitry and brain-machine interfaces. The study detailing this platform was published in the journal Advanced Functional Materials.

(Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-fabricate-customized-3d-neural-chips.html)