Impact of Mastectomy on Sexual Health and Body Image: Insights from Recent Research

Mastectomy, a common surgical intervention for breast cancer, is essential for many women’s health and survival. However, emerging research highlights significant emotional and physical consequences following the procedure, particularly relating to sexual health and body image. A comprehensive systematic review analyzed nearly 3,000 studies, ultimately focusing on 20 that examined how mastectomy affects women with stages 1–3 breast cancer. The findings suggest that a considerable number of women experience worsened psychosocial outcomes post-surgery, including diminished body image, sexual function, and overall quality of life.

Despite its importance, there is no standardized method for evaluating these long-term effects consistently. The reviewed studies used varying patient-reported outcome measures, with many assessing only one or two specific domains, such as body image or sexual health. This inconsistency underscores the need for validated screening tools to better prepare women before surgery and support their emotional and psychological recovery.

The research emphasizes the necessity for better preoperative counseling, ensuring women understand not only the physical implications of mastectomy but also the potential emotional and social impacts. As more breast cancer survivors live longer, the focus must expand beyond survival rates to include quality of life. The findings will be presented at the American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress 2025 in Chicago.

Lead researcher Dr. Lauren Raymond-King from Yale School of Medicine states, 'Many women go into surgery with incomplete expectations about the long-term outcomes, which can affect their overall well-being.' The study also notes the limitations of the current literature's heterogeneity, advocating for future development of standardized assessment tools to improve patient care and psychosocial support post-mastectomy.

In conclusion, while mastectomy remains a vital treatment, healthcare providers should prioritize holistic patient education and emotional support to mitigate adverse psychosocial effects often experienced after surgery