Link Between GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Older Adults
A recent study links GLP-1 receptor agonists, common diabetes medications, with an increased risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in older adults, highlighting the need for vigilant eye health monitoring.
Recent research reveals a potential association between the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), a common class of diabetes medications, and the development of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in older adults with type 2 diabetes. The study, published in JAMA Ophthalmology, analyzed data from over 3.8 million Medicare patients aged 65 and above, finding that those prescribed GLP-1 RAs had a modest but significant increased risk of NAION compared to patients on other antidiabetic treatments.
The investigation focused on several widely used GLP-1 RAs, including dulaglutide, semaglutide, liraglutide, and exenatide. The researchers observed that 7,660 patients developed NAION over a median follow-up period of approximately 3.7 years. Notably, patients on semaglutide and liraglutide showed a higher hazard ratio for developing this optic nerve condition, with risks increased by 39% and 25%, respectively.
NAION is a sight-threatening condition caused by poor blood flow to the optic nerve, leading to sudden vision loss. While the exact mechanism linking GLP-1 RAs and NAION remains unclear, the findings suggest that physicians should monitor visual health in patients prescribed these medications, especially those with pre-existing risk factors.
As GLP-1 RAs are increasingly prescribed for managing type 2 diabetes due to their effectiveness and weight loss benefits, this study emphasizes the need for further research to understand the causative relationship and to develop strategies for risk mitigation. Healthcare providers should weigh the benefits and potential risks when considering GLP-1 RAs in older patients.
This research underscores the importance of vigilance in managing diabetic treatments and highlights the necessity for ongoing investigation into medication-related ocular risks.
Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-08-glp-receptor-agonist-linked-nonarteritic.html
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