GLP-1 Medications Show Promise in Managing Severe Obesity in Children

Recent research presented at the European Congress on Obesity highlights the potential benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs in treating children with severe obesity. The study indicates that these medications, which mimic the hormone GLP-1 to suppress appetite, slow stomach emptying, and promote fullness, can lead to meaningful weight reduction in pediatric patients.

Children with severe obesity are at increased risk for health complications, and managing their weight poses unique challenges. This study involved 1,126 children aged 0 to 16 years undergoing intensive health behavior and lifestyle treatment at the National Childhood Obesity Center in Stockholm. This comprehensive approach, known as Intensive Health Behavior and Lifestyle Treatment (IHBLT), addresses various aspects such as diet, physical activity, screen time, and psychological well-being, often involving a multidisciplinary team.

In 2023, some children in the program began receiving GLP-1 drugs, specifically liraglutide and semaglutide. About 25% of the children were prescribed these medications. The researchers found that the proportion of children experiencing a clinically significant reduction in BMI—defined as a decrease sufficient to improve health—was slightly higher in 2023 (30%) compared to previous years (around 27%). This suggests that adding GLP-1 drugs to standard treatment may enhance outcomes.

While the differences are still early and the sample of drug users is small, the trend is promising. Dr. Annika Janson from the National Childhood Obesity Center explains that many children with severe obesity report intense hunger and increased appetite, issues that GLP-1 medications help mitigate. Families also reported reductions in conflicts around food, better adherence to meal plans, and an improved ability to manage portions and snacking.

Importantly, Dr. Janson emphasizes that while these drugs are not a universal solution, they could be a valuable part of a comprehensive treatment strategy. Longer-term use may lead to even greater benefits. The research underscores the importance of expanding access to these medications for children struggling with severe obesity, considering their positive impact on health and quality of life.

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