Global Research Highlights Patterns in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Across Different Regions

A comprehensive international study has shed light on the global prevalence and epidemiological stages of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The research, part of the GIVES-21 initiative, compiled data from over 500 population-based studies across more than 80 regions, covering observations spanning over a century. The findings identify four distinct phases in IBD development: initial sporadic cases predominantly seen in Africa, a progression to increased new diagnoses in regions like Asia and Latin America, stabilization in the rate of new cases alongside rising total cases, and a projected future where prevalence may eventually decrease.

Researchers from Karolinska Institute contributed significantly to this effort. Their data reveal that, although the incidence of IBD has stabilized in countries like Sweden, the overall prevalence continues to rise. Currently, approximately 1% of the Swedish population lives with IBD, meaning one in every hundred individuals is affected.

Historically thought to be primarily a Western phenomenon, IBD is now recognized as a global health issue, with increasing cases reported worldwide. While in the early 2000s, the number of new IBD cases plateaued in the West, the total number of people living with the disease has continued to grow because diagnosis often occurs early in life and the disease rarely leads to death. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding regional epidemiological stages to optimize healthcare planning and resource allocation.

Swedish experts highlight that, despite stabilized incidence rates, the rising prevalence places ongoing demand on healthcare systems. The study provides a valuable framework for anticipating and managing the growing burden of IBD in various regions, supporting efforts to develop targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

For more detailed information, the study can be accessed in Nature under the title "Global evolution of inflammatory bowel disease across epidemiological stages" (2025). Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-04-international-prevalence-inflammatory-bowel-disease.html