Genetic Testing in Childhood Can Predict Obesity Risk

A groundbreaking study has demonstrated that genetic testing can identify children at high risk of developing obesity later in life. The international research team utilized data from over five million individuals to develop a polygenic risk score (PGS), which combines the effects of various genetic variants associated with obesity. This score can predict the likelihood of childhood or adult obesity as early as age five, enabling early intervention strategies to prevent or mitigate weight gain.

The research, published in Nature Medicine, highlights that this PGS is twice as effective as previous methods at forecasting obesity risk. By analyzing genetic data from large-scale collaborations such as the GIANT Consortium and partnerships with companies like 23andMe, scientists have made significant progress toward personalized obesity prevention.

Assistant Professor Roelof Smit of the University of Copenhagen emphasizes that early prediction allows targeted lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, which are most effective when implemented early. The study also found that individuals with higher genetic susceptibility tend to respond well to weight loss interventions but may regain weight once interventions cease.

However, the researchers note current limitations, including reduced accuracy for people of African ancestry, underscoring the need for more diverse genetic data. Overall, this development marks a substantial leap toward integrating genetic insights into preventive healthcare for obesity.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-genetic-obesity-childhood.html