Frequent Occurrence of Periodic Limb Movements in Individuals with Epilepsy

Recent research highlights that periodic limb movements (PLMs), involuntary movements of the limbs that occur during sleep, are quite common among individuals with epilepsy (PWE). Interestingly, these movements are observed at similar rates in patients with epilepsy and those suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A comprehensive study published in Epilepsy Research examined the prevalence and characteristics of PLMs in adults diagnosed with epilepsy over a decade, utilizing polysomnography data.

The study analyzed 152 patients, of whom 61 with epilepsy were matched with 61 suspected OSA cases for comparison. The epilepsy group was composed mostly of patients with focal-onset epilepsy, while some had generalized epilepsy. Findings revealed that about 23% of epilepsy patients and 26% of controls exhibited PLMs, with mean PLM indices of approximately 6 and 9 respectively, indicating comparable movement severity.

Interestingly, the presence of PLMs was associated mainly with older age in the epilepsy group, without significant links to seizure type, medication count, or seizure control levels. The study emphasizes the importance of considering overlapping sleep disorders when evaluating sleep disturbances in epilepsy patients, as these conditions might influence sleep quality and overall health.

This research underscores the need for clinicians to include sleep assessments in the comprehensive management of epilepsy, recognizing the frequent coexistence of PLMs and their potential impact on patient well-being. For more detailed information, see the original study by Manav Jain et al. in Epilepsy Research.

The findings serve as a reminder of the complex relationship between sleep disorders and epilepsy, advocating for increased awareness and targeted treatment approaches to improve patient outcomes.