Early Childhood Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors May Influence Food Preferences

Recent research presented at ENDO 2025, the Endocrine Society's annual meeting, highlights a concerning link between early-life exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and altered food preferences in later life. These chemicals, prevalent in the environment—including in air, soil, water, food sources, personal care products, and manufactured goods—are capable of interfering with the body's hormonal systems.

The study involved experiments on 15 male and 15 female rats exposed to common mixtures of EDCs during gestation or infancy. Results showed that such early exposure led to physical and genetic changes in brain regions responsible for controlling reward and eating behavior. Notably, male rats exhibited a temporary preference for sugary solutions, while female rats developed a strong preference for high-fat foods, resulting in weight gain. These behavioral changes were associated with reductions in testosterone in males and varying gene expression alterations in females.

The research suggests that EDC exposure can reshape brain pathways that influence reward and food intake, potentially contributing to the rising global obesity rates. These chemicals can induce physical modifications in key brain regions, affecting gene expression and ultimately behavior.

Dr. Emily N. Hilz from the University of Texas at Austin explained that understanding these impacts could inform public health strategies. Reducing exposure during pregnancy and early childhood might lessen the risk of developing unhealthy eating habits and obesity later in life.

Overall, this research emphasizes the importance of minimizing contact with endocrine-disrupting chemicals, especially during critical developmental periods, to promote healthier eating behaviors and prevent metabolic diseases.