Revolutionary COPD Treatment: Fibrosis Drug Shows Promise Over Steroids in Preclinical Studies

Recent research has unveiled a potential breakthrough in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a debilitating lung condition affecting millions worldwide. Traditionally managed with steroids, which can have significant adverse effects, new findings suggest that a drug originally used for lung fibrosis might offer a safer and more effective alternative.

COPD, encompassing diseases like emphysema and bronchitis, impairs breathing and can lead to severe exacerbations triggered by viral infections. These attacks are often worsened by steroids, which, while reducing inflammation, tend to promote virus replication and increase the risk of complications.

In a preclinical study conducted at the Hudson Institute of Medical Research, scientists tested Pirfenidone—a medication approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis—on laboratory models that simulate COPD conditions. The results were promising: Pirfenidone significantly lessened disease severity by reducing viral replication and airway inflammation, all without suppressing the immune response. This contrasts with steroids, which can dampen immune defense and potentially exacerbate infections.

Professor Philip Bardin, a leading researcher in respiratory medicine, explained that the side effects of steroids include serious health issues such as diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis, and skin problems, especially with long-term use. The findings suggest that Pirfenidone could help patients reduce their dependence on steroids, thereby minimizing the risk of these adverse effects.

Dr. Belinda Thomas from the research team highlighted that this medication not only dampens infection risks but also mitigates inflammation—properties that could revolutionize COPD management. The team has published their findings in the American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, with additional commentary in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.

This discovery opens the door for repurposing Pirfenidone as a dual-action drug for COPD—potentially preventing and treating exacerbations that lead to severe health decline and premature death. Experts are optimistic that further clinical trials will validate these early results, leading to improved safety and efficacy profiles compared to current treatments.

Overall, this research signifies a promising step toward safer, more effective COPD therapies, shifting the paradigm from corticosteroid reliance to innovative, repurposed medications.

For more information, refer to the original study: Belinda J Thomas et al, Pirfenidone Mitigates TGF-β-induced Inflammation Following Virus Infection, American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology (2025). Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-08-unexpected-copd-relief-lung-fibrosis.html