Understanding Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Risks, Signs, and Treatments

President Donald Trump has been diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), a condition common among older adults that causes symptoms such as leg swelling, pain, and skin discoloration due to blood pooling in the veins.

According to White House reports, Trump’s mild swelling in his legs led to further tests, confirming CVI, a benign yet prevalent condition particularly in those over 70. Experts highlight that, while not generally life-threatening, untreated CVI can lead to complications like ulcers, skin changes, and increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

What are the early signs of CVI?

The initial symptom often includes swelling or edema in the legs, ankles, or feet, especially after prolonged sitting or standing. People might also experience a feeling of heaviness or aching, visible varicose veins, or spider veins, along with skin dryness or itchiness.

Is CVI life-threatening?

CVI is typically not life-threatening, but it can worsen if neglected, resulting in skin ulcers, severe swelling, and increased DVT risk. It is estimated that up to 40% of Americans are affected, making awareness and treatment crucial.

What increases the risk of CVI?

Factors like aging, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, pregnancy, previous leg injuries or blood clots, and prolonged standing or sitting can elevate the risk. Women are slightly more prone to develop CVI.

How is CVI treated?

While medications like aspirin are often used for other cardiovascular reasons, they are not primary treatments for CVI. Effective management includes compression stockings, lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, weight management, and leg elevation. When necessary, medical procedures like laser ablation or sclerotherapy may be performed to improve blood flow and alleviate symptoms.

"Lifestyle modifications such as elevating legs, wearing compression stockings, increasing activity, and losing weight are most effective. For advanced cases, minimally invasive procedures can help," — Cheng-Han Chen, MD

Understanding early signs and adopting preventive measures can greatly reduce the risk of complications related to CVI.

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