Ashwagandha: An Ancient Herb Gaining Popularity for Its Possible Health Benefits and Risks

Introduction

In recent years, ashwagandha has surged in popularity across social media platforms, with celebrities like Meghan Markle, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Jennifer Aniston reportedly using this herb for its calming effects. The herb, scientifically known as Withania somnifera, has been a cornerstone of Ayurvedic medicine for thousands of years, emphasizing a holistic approach to health that balances body, mind, and spirit.

Traditional Uses and Modern Interest

Historically, ashwagandha has been classified as an adaptogen—a substance believed to help the body resist stress, whether physical, biological, or chemical. The herb's roots have been used to enhance resilience and vitality. Recent social media trends have amplified its popularity, with hundreds of millions of views on platforms like TikTok in 2024.

Scientific Evidence

Beyond its social media fame, scientific research provides some insights into its potential benefits. Studies suggest that ashwagandha can significantly reduce stress and anxiety, possibly by modulating cortisol, a key stress hormone. It is also linked to improving sleep quality, helping individuals fall asleep faster and achieve more restful sleep, which can enhance overall energy levels.

Other Benefits

Traditionally, ashwagandha is associated with strength and stamina—attributes symbolized by its Sanskrit name meaning "the smell of a horse." Current research indicates that it may improve physical performance by increasing strength, muscle mass, and oxygen utilization during exercise. For men, some studies suggest it can boost testosterone and fertility by increasing sperm count and motility, although men with hormone-sensitive conditions should exercise caution.

Research also points to cognitive benefits, such as improved memory and focus, particularly in older adults with cognitive impairments. Additionally, ongoing trials explore its effectiveness against long COVID symptoms like fatigue and brain fog.

Chemical Composition

Ashwagandha contains phytochemicals called withanolides, which resemble steroids and may help cells absorb glucose, potentially lowering blood sugar levels. These compounds also demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects in animal studies.

Risks and Side Effects

Despite its promising potential, ashwagandha presents certain risks. Its long-term safety remains under investigation, and most studies focus on short-term use. Common side effects include mild gastrointestinal discomfort and nausea. Notably, there are rare reports of liver problems, including severe liver failure, especially in individuals with pre-existing liver conditions.

Moreover, it may stimulate the immune system, possibly triggering flare-ups in autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The herb can also interact with medications—especially those affecting thyroid function, sedatives, and immunosuppressants—potentially leading to adverse effects. It’s advised that pregnant and breastfeeding women avoid ashwagandha due to possible associations with miscarriage.

Conclusion

While ashwagandha shows promise as a stress reliever, sleep aid, and energy booster, scientific evidence is still developing. More rigorous clinical trials are necessary to establish its safety profile, optimal doses, and long-term effects. Anyone considering adding ashwagandha to their routine should consult healthcare professionals, particularly if they have underlying health conditions or are on medications.

For more information, visit source: Medical Xpress.